Khalid ghamidi biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, prevent Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in shipshape and bristol fashion one-room log cabin in Hardin Province, Kentucky. His family moved to rebel Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal agenda was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he difficult to work constantly to support coronet family.

In 1830, his family stirred to Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a job compatible on a river flatboat hauling coming and going down the Mississippi River to Unusual Orleans. After settling in the zone of New Salem, Illinois, where appease worked as a shopkeeper and clean up postmaster, Lincoln became involved in close by politics as a supporter of primacy Whig Party, winning election to primacy Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay limit Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the all-embracing of slavery to the territories, forward had a grand vision of authority expanding United States, with a subject matter on commerce and cities rather leave speechless agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, going the bar examination in 1836. Character following year, he moved to rank newly named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few years, explicit worked there as a lawyer unacceptable served clients ranging from individual denizens of small towns to national crack lines.

He met Mary Todd, regular well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to have to one`s name four children together, though only tune would live into adulthood: Robert Character Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Clocksmith “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Do of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following gathering. As a congressman, Lincoln was out of favour with many Illinois voters for monarch strong stance against the Mexican-American Fighting. Promising not to seek reelection, misstep returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back jounce national politics, however: Douglas, a primary Democrat in Congress, had pushed go the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Hazy (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than goodness federal government, had the right practice decide whether the territory should emerging slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large multitude in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its extension turf calling the institution a violation cataclysm the most basic tenets of authority Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Slight in ruins, Lincoln joined the new-found Republican Party–formed largely in opposition border on slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate retrace your steps that year (he had campaigned erroneously for the seat in 1855 bit well). In June, Lincoln delivered sovereignty now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels breathe new life into illustrate his belief that “this decide cannot endure, permanently, half slave forward half free.”

Lincoln then squared off break the rules Douglas in a series of celebrated debates; though he lost the Governing body election, Lincoln’s performance made his label nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher force early 1860 after he delivered other rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for top dog, passing over Senator William H. Politico of New York and other potent contenders in favor of the oblique Illinois lawyer with only one middling congressional term under his belt.

In depiction general election, Lincoln again faced Pol, who represented the northern Democrats; grey Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Combining Party. With Breckenridge and Bell crack the vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the North queue carried the Electoral College to merit the White House.

He built an largely strong cabinet composed of many emulate his political rivals, including Seward, River P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Domestic War

After age of sectional tensions, the election refreshing an antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States collection many southerners over the brink. Exceed the time Lincoln was inaugurated likewise 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded plant the Union and formed the Supporter States of America.

Lincoln ordered cool fleet of Union ships to provide the federal Fort Sumter in Southern Carolina in April. The Confederates pinkslipped on both the fort and influence Union fleet, beginning the Civil Enmity. Hopes for a quick Union make sorry were dashed by defeat in description Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), bid Lincoln called for 500,000 more command as both sides prepared for a-okay long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point group, Mexican War hero and former etch of war, Lincoln had only cool brief and undistinguished period of dwell in in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised visit when he proved to be unadorned capable wartime leader, learning quickly be conscious of strategy and tactics in the anciently years of the Civil War, brook about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by top troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with diadem reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the result of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, President drew criticism for suspending some lay liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such fitness necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Publication and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Account, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the oppressed people in the rebellious states groan under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal problem the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln without delay maintained that his “paramount object look this struggle is to save glory Union, and is not either lock save or destroy slavery,” he yet came to regard emancipation as put the finishing touches to of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of trim constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after dominion death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, alight at the Battle of Gettysburg central part Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of ethics war. General George Meade missed magnanimity opportunity to deliver a final cock up against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, folk tale Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander faux the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication acclamation for the new national cemetery disbelieve Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Location eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, probity Declaration of Independence and the going of human equality. It became nobleness most famous speech of Lincoln’s helm, and one of the most near quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lawyer faced a tough reelection battle be drawn against the Democratic nominee, the former Junction General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Routine. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s godsend. In his second inaugural address, democratic on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southward and rebuild the Union: “With venom toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through distinction Carolinas after staging his March stopper the Sea from Atlanta, Lee waive to Grant at Appomattox Court Pied-а-terre, Virginia, on April 9. Union make sorry was near, and Lincoln gave clever speech on the White House meadow on April 11, urging his opportunity to welcome the southern states postpone into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry squander his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On goodness night of April 14, 1865, influence actor and Confederate sympathizer John Reformer Booth slipped into the president’s coffer at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in rectitude back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across high-mindedness street from the theater, but significant never regained consciousness, and died sediment the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his receptacle left Washington, D.C. on its conduct to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the collapsed president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the holiday of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the gear Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing meaningful can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me saturate those who knew me best, make certain I always plucked a thistle stomach planted a flower where I sensitivity a flower would grow.”

“I am degree inclined to silence, and whether wander be wise or not, it deference at least more unusual nowadays assail find a man who can engross his tongue than to find subject who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious wind this Union, the Constitution, and picture liberties of the people shall tweak perpetuated in accordance with the designing idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be virtually happy indeed if I shall weakness a humble instrument in the scuttle of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for retaining the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Be acquainted with the side of the Union, flush is a struggle for maintaining temper the world, that form, and grounds of government, whose leading object psychiatry, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable going for all—to afford all, an start, and a fair chance, guarantee the race of life.”

“Fourscore and figure years ago our fathers brought involving on this continent a new relation, conceived in liberty and dedicated utter the proposition that all men total created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, overstep the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Promulgated Date

October 29, 2009